Chii chinonzi Liquid electrolyte?
Liquid electrolyte
(1) Chemical composition Liquid electrolyte inonziwo electrolyte solution. Inonyanya kushandiswa organic liquid electrolyte mu lithium-mabhatiri eion, anozivikanwawo seasiri-aqueous liquid electrolyte. Organic liquid electrolyte inoumbwa ne lithium munyu, organic solvent, uye additives.
① Lithium munyu: inonyanya kupa conductive ions. Lithium hexafluorophosphate ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa lithium munyu mukutengesa lithium-mabhatiri eion. Pure LiPF6 ikristaro chena, inonyungudika muzvinonyungudutsa zvinonyungudutsa -alkyl ethers, nitriles, pyridine esters, ketones, uye alcohols, asi isinganyanyike muzvinonyungudutsa zveorganic zvakaita sealkanes nebenzene. LiPF6 electrolyte ine conductivity yakanyanyisa; pa 20 degree, conductivity yeEC+DMC (vhoriyamu reshiyo 1:1) inogona kusvika 10×10-²S/cm. Iko conductivity inowanzosvika pakukwirira kwayo apo electrolyte concentration yave pedyo ne1mol / L. LiPF6 ine yakagadzika electrochemical performance uye haina corrode muunganidzi aripo. Nekudaro, LiPF6 haina kugadzikana kwemafuta uye inoora zviri nyore mumvura, ichida kudzora kwakasimba kwehunyoro hwezvakatipoteredza panguva yekugadzirira uye kushandiswa.
② Organic solvents: Basa ravo guru kunyungudutsa lithium salt, zvichiita kuti lithium salt electrolyte iite conductive ions.
Zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinonyungudutsa zvinosanganisira propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, uye diethyl carbonate.
Organic solvents inowanzosarudzwa kune yavo yakakwira dielectric kugara uye yakaderera viscosity. Iyo yakakwira dielectric inogara inoita kuti lithium munyu zvive nyore kunyungudika uye kuparadzanisa; yakaderera viscosity inoguma nekukurumidza ion migration. Zvisinei, muchokwadi, zvinonyungudutsa zvine high dielectric constants zvine high viscosity, uye solvents ine low viscosity ine yakaderera dielectric constants. Nokudaro, zvakaoma kuti imwe chete inonyungudutsa iite panguva imwe chete izvi zvose zvinodiwa. Lithium-mabhatiri eion anowanzo shandisa musanganiswa wezvinonyungudutsa zvinonyungudutsa zvine dielectric constants zvakakwirira uye zviya zvine low viscosity kutsiva kukanganisa kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe. Semuenzaniso, EC carbonates ine high dielectric constants, iyo inobatsira kune lithium salt dissociation, nepo DMC, DEC, uye EMC carbonates vane low viscosity, iyo inobatsira kuvandudza kutama kweiyo lithium ions.
③ Zvinowedzerwa: Ivo vanowanzoita basa mukuvandudza nekusimudzira kushanda kwemagetsi nekuchengetedza kweiyo electrolyte. Kazhinji kutaura, zvinowedzera zvine mabasa matatu makuru: aa Kuvandudza kushanda kweSEI membrane, zvakadai sekuwedzera vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl sulfite (ES), uye SO2; b. Dzivirira kuwandisa (nekuwedzera biphenyl) uye kupfuura-kuburitsa; c. Zviwedzerwa zvinodzoreredza murazvo zvinogona kudzivirira bhatiri kuti risatsva kana kuputika mumamiriro ekupisa zvakanyanya, zvakadai sekuwedzera ma halogenated flame retardants, phosphorus{{7}based based flame retardants, uye composite flame retardants; d. Deredza mvura yekutsvaga uye HF yemukati mu electrolyte.
