Gorofu Ngoro Lithium Battery: 36V vs 48V vs 72V - Dzivisa Pitfalls

Ndanga ndichibata bhatiri kutenga kuPolinovel kwekuenda makore mana izvozvi. Zvizhinji zvezvandinoziva nezvesarudzo yemagetsi zvakabva mukuchenesa kukanganisa kwevamwe vanhu. Kwete dzidziso, kwete spec sheets. Madeployments chaiwo akatadza kusvika padhesiki rangu nekuti mumwe munhu aifanirwa kuona kuti chii chakakanganisika uye kana taigona kununura chero chinhu.

 

Saka kana mamaneja ezvikepe akandibvunza kuti ndeipi voltage yekusarudza, ini handivape kuenzanisa kwakaringana kwese matatu sarudzo. Ndinovaudza kuti vaende 48V kunze kwekunge vaine chikonzero chaicho chekusadaro. Icho hachisi chirevo chekutengesa. Ndizvo zvandaizoudza mukoma wangu--kana akafona achibvunza mubvunzo mumwe chete.

Iyo 12V Series Connection Disaster

Ndisati ndapinda mukusarudza kwemagetsi, ndinofanira kugadzirisa chimwe chinhu chinoramba chichiratidza muRFQs. Vatengi vanoona mana 12V 100Ah lithium mabhatiri paAmazon kwemadhora mazana maviri nemakumi mana emadhora uye vanofunga kuti vawana chibvumirano pane 48V system. Waya iwo munhevedzano, waita, handiti?

Zvakaipa. Imwe neimwe yeaya mabhatiri e12V ane BMS yayo. Mabhatiri mana zvinoreva mana akaparadzana manejimendi masisitimu asingataudzane. Kana bhatiri rekutanga rarova chaji yakazara, BMS yayo inocheka. Current inomira ichiyerera nemutambo yese. Mamwe mabhatiri matatu anogara ipapo ane zvishoma.

Ita izvi kwemwedzi mishoma uye une mabhatiri mana ane husanhu akasiyana siyana emagetsi. Capacity matangi. Range inodonha kusvika pamwe 60% yezvayakatanga. Imwe yemayunitsi eBMS inosarudza kuti sero yakadzikira yobva yavhara zvese pakati-nhando.

Ndakaona nzvimbo yekutandarira muArizona ichipfuura neizvi chaizvo. Ngoro makumi mana, $2,400 imwe neimwe mumabhatiri, pamwe nekuisa basa. Pakasvika mwedzi wesere vakanga vava kutsiva boka rose ne-pack 48V units. Iyo "savings" inovadhura kumwe kunosvika zviuru makumi mana nezvishanu zvemadhora paunowedzera iyo yakaraswa Hardware, kuisirwa kaviri, uye nguva yekudzikira.

Mushandisi weforum paCartaholics anoiisa zvirinani kupfuura zvandinogona:

Sei 48V uye Kwete Vamwe

Indasitiri yengoro dzegorofu yakagara pa48V seyero yezvikonzero zvisina chekuita nekushambadzira. Club Car, E{{2}Z-GO, Yamaha, vese vakaenda ku48V nekuti engineering ine musoro.

Pa48V urikumhanyisa yakaderera ikozvino kune imwecheteyo magetsi kubuda kana ichienzaniswa ne36V. Kudzikira ikozvino kunoreva kushoma kupisa mumatambo ako uye zvinobatanidza, kushomeka kushushikana pamabatiki, hupenyu hurefu hwemabhurashi emota. A 1,500 watt mutoro unodhonza anenge 31 amps pa 48V maringe ne 42 amps pa 36V. Musiyano iwoyo unobatanidza pamusoro pezviuru zvemaawa ekushanda.

Asi pamwe zvakanyanya kukosha kune vatengi vezvikepe: 48V zvikamu zviri pese pese. Controller anofa neChipiri, unogona kutsiva neChina kubva kune vatatu vakasiyana vatengesi. Edza izvozvo ne72V system uye uri kutarisa kune vashambadziri vane hunyanzvi vane vhiki-kurebesa nguva. Ndakaona maoparesheni ekuhaya magasi pamadhora zana nemakumi mashanu / zuva akamirira kuti zvikamu zve72V zvisvike.

Iyo 16S LiFePO4 kumisikidza (ndiyo gumi nematanhatu maseru munhevedzano, zita 51.2V) inokupa inotapira nzvimbo yesimba, kuwanikwa, uye chengetedzo. Hapana exotic pakuichengeta. Vanamazvikokota vako vanogona kunge vatoziva chikuva.

Apo 36V Inonyatsoita Sense

Handisi kuti 36V haina basa. Kune iyo chaiyo application isarudzo chaiyo uye inodhura zvishoma.

Flat zvivakwa pasi pe 150 maeka. Ngoro dzinomhanya maawa mana pazuva. Mutakuri mumwe kana vaviri, pasina mutoro unorema. Nharaunda shuttles uko pasina munhu ari kukurumidza. Nzvimbo dzepachivande uko muridzi anoitora pakupera kwevhiki.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, 36V 100Ah system (inenge 3.6 kWh) inoburitsa 30 kusvika 40 mamaira erenji panzvimbo yakaenzana. Kupfuura zvakakwana. Uye iwe unochengetedza madhora mazana mashanu kusvika kumadhora mazana masere pangoro maringe neyakafanana 48V setups.

Dambudziko nderokuti vatengi vanotarisa 36V yezvikumbiro zvinotoda 48V. Isa vafambi vana nemabhegi egorofu pangoro ye36V, inongedza pagiredhi re12%, uye tarisa zvinoitika. Iyo mota controller inoda maspikes aripo anogona kurova mazana maviri amps. Kana BMS yako yakanzi 150A isingaperi, inodzima kuti izvidzivirire (inomisa vakwiri vako pakati-nechikomo) kana kuti inobvumira kuwanda uye kuzvibika zvishoma nezvishoma mumwedzi inotevera.

Ndakafonerwa gore rapfuura kubva kuna maneja wenzvimbo munzvimbo ine zvikomo muNorth Carolina. Vakanga vatenga 36V nekuti mutengesi akavaudza kuti "yaizoshanda zvakanaka pakushandisa pekugara." Mwedzi mitanhatu mukati, hafu yezvikepe zvavo yakanga ine kukundikana kweBMS. Ngoro dzaimhanya zvakanaka pazvikamu zvakati sandara asi pese paiedza munhu kutora nzira yekudimbudzira kukwira chikomo chekuseri, chimwe chinhu chaiputsika.

Iko hakuna kugadzirisa kune izvo kunze kwekutsiva mapakeji ne48V. Zvavakaita, nemutengo mukuru uye nekunyara.

Mubvunzo we72V

Fleet mamaneja dzimwe nguva vanobvunza nezve 72V senge ndiyo yekutanga sarudzo inoratidza kuti vakakomba. Mamwe mavolts, simba rakawanda, rinofanira kunge riri nani.

Kune akawanda engoro dzegorofu zvikumbiro, 72V yakawandisa iyo inogadzira matambudziko.

Hongu, iwe unowedzera kukurumidza. Hongu, kukwira zvikomo hakushandi. Asi uri kubhadharawo 40 kusvika 60 muzana yezvese system kana wangoisa ma controller anoenderana, machaja, neDC{{4}DC converters ye12V accessories. Parts sourcing narrowing zvinoshamisa. Uye zvichienderana nehutongi hwako, 72V masisitimu angangoda mamwe maprotocol ekuchengetedza uye kudzidziswa kwevashandisi iyo 48V isingaite.

72V ine musoro kune chaiwo maapplication. Zvivakwa zvakakura pamusoro pe500 mahekita uko vashandi vanofanirwa kuvhara pasi nekukurumidza. Motokari dzinokweva 800+ mapondo emidziyo munzvimbo ine makomo kuitira mashifiti akazara. Yakasimudzwa ngoro dzekuita apo muridzi anoda chaizvo kukwidziridzwa.

Kana ngoro dzako dzichiwanzovharisa magorofu mhiri kwakafuratira fairways nekumhanya kwakajairwa, 48V yatopfuura zvaunoda. Kuenda ku72V kunokutengera kugona kunogara kusina kushandiswa uku uchiwedzera kuoma kwako kugadzirisa uye mitengo yezvikamu.

Handisi kukuudza kuti 72V yakaipa. Ndiri kukuudza kuti usimbise oparesheni yako inoida iwe usati wagamuchira premium.

Capacity: Iyo Yakasiyana Hapana Anofunga Nezve Zvakakwana

Voltage inowana kutariswa kwese. Sarudzo yekugona kazhinji inobatwa sekufunga kwekupedzisira: ingotora chimwe chinhu chiri pakati pehuwandu uye woenderera mberi.

Iko kukanganisa, nekuti huwandu hunokanganisa zvakananga kuti mapakeji ako anogara kwenguva yakareba sei.

LiFePO4 maseru akatemerwa hupenyu hwekutenderera pahupamhi hwakadzama hwekubuda. Pakiti yakatemerwa 3,000 cycles pa80% DoD ichaunza 5,000+ macycles kana iwe uchingoburitsa kusvika ku50% nguva nenguva. Masvomhu ari nyore: kudzika bhasikoro zvinoreva hupenyu hurefu.

Saka izvi zvinorevei kune fleet spec? Kana ngoro dzako dzichimhanya mamaira makumi matatu nemashanu pazuva paavhareji:

A 48V 60Ah pack (2.88 kWh) inovhara chinhambwe ichocho asi inomhanya pa85 kusvika 90 muzana kudzika kwekubuda zuva rega rega. Uri kupisa kuburikidza nehupenyu hwekutenderera nekukurumidza.

A 48V 105Ah pack (5.04 kWh) inobata zvakafanana zuva nezuva kumhanya pa55 kusvika 60 muzana DoD. Unogona kaviri makore ako simba risati rapera rikava dambudziko.

Iyo 105Ah pack inodhura zvakanyanya kumberi. Asi kana ikatora makore masere pachinzvimbo che5, mutengo wako pagore unodonha. Aya ndiwo masvomhu akakosha ayo zvikwata zvekutenga dzimwe nguva zvinosvetuka nekuti zvinoongororwa pamutengo wekutenga, kwete mutengo wehupenyu.

Pane counterweight zvakadaro. Kugona kukuru zvinoreva kurema pack. A 48V 150Ah system inorema anenge 60 mapaundi kupfuura 60Ah shanduro. Panzvimbo ine zvikomo, uremu hwakawedzerwa hunowedzera simba rekushandisa pamamaira, zvichidya zvishoma mukugona kwako mukana.

Kune dzakafuratira zvivakwa: kukwidziridza huwandu zvine hukasha, iwe uchawana iyo yakazara bhenefiti.

Zvezvivakwa zvine makomo: tsvaga chiyero apo yakawedzerwa kugona kunowedzera kupfuura kurasikirwa kwehuremu kubva pahuremu chirango. Kazhinji pane imwe nzvimbo mu100 kusvika 120Ah renji ye48V masisitimu.

Dambudziko rechaja

Ndichachengeta iyi ipfupi nekuti yakatwasuka, asi inokwenya vanhu nguva dzose.

Lead{{0}majaja easidhi haakwanise kuchaja mabhatiri elithium zvisina njodzi. Kunyangwe iyo voltage "inofanana."

Maprofiles ekuchaja akasiyana zvakanyanya. Lead{{1}asidhi majaja anosundidzira kupera simba pamusoro pe60V ye48V masisitimu, ayo anosimbisa lithium maseru uye nekuchimbidza kuparara. Yakakodzera LiFePO4 kuchaja ye48V pack inopera pakati pe55.2V uye 56.8V. Kusundira kupfuura 58.4V nguva dzose kunopfupisa hupenyu hwepaki yako zvinooneka mukati megore kana maviri.

Yese lithium yekushandura bhajeti inoda kusanganisa yakatsaurirwa majaja e lithium. Izvi hazvigoneke{1}kutaurirana. Kana vatengesi vakakuudza yavo lithium pack "inoshanda nechaja yako iripo," vakumbire kuti vaise iyo mukunyora newaranti inovhara kukuvadzwa kubva kune isina kufanira kuchaja profiles. Tarisa kuti vakakurumidza sei kudzokera shure.

Anogadziriswa majaja emagetsi anokupa iwe kuchinjika kufona mune chaiyo cutoff. Chaja kusvika ku55.2V kwehupenyu hurefu kana usingade huwandu hwakazara mazuva ese. Bump kune 56.8V kana iwe uchida mamwe mashoma muzana ekugona.

BMS Zvinyorwa Zvinonyanya Kukosha

Paunenge uchiongorora vatengesi vebhatiri, vatengi vazhinji vanotarisa huwandu, voltage, uye mutengo. Iyo BMS specs inotsvedza pamusoro mumadhetabheti, asi ivo vanoona kana ngoro dzako dzinoshanda zvakavimbika pasi pemutoro.

Continuous discharge current: Izvi ndizvo zvinotenderwa neBMS kutsigirwa. Yakajairwa unmodified ngoro dzinoda 150A zvishoma. Ngoro dzakasimudzwa dzine matai makuru, kana mota dzekushandisa, dzinoda 200A kana kupfuura. Kana BMS yako yakayerwa yakaderera pane izvo chikumbiro chako chinoda, inocheka pasi pemutoro. Kazhinji panguva yakaipisisa inobvira.

Peak discharge current: Nguva pfupi-inokwirisa panguva yekumhanyisa uye kutanga kwechikomo. Ngoro dzakajairwa dzinodhonza 250A+ peaks. Mota dzakagadziridzwa dzinogona kukwira kusvika ku400A kana kupfuura. Iyo BMS inoda musoro wepamusoro pamusoro pechido chako chaicho chepamusoro, kana kuti inofambisa kuvhara kwekudzivirira.

Kudzivirirwa kwekushisa kwakadzika: Masero eLiFePO4 anokuvadzwa zvachose kana ukaabhadharisa pasi pechando. Lithium plating mafomu pane anode uye haiendi. Hunhu BMS hunosanganisira kunzwa tembiricha inovharira kuchaja iri pasi pe32℃F. Budget packs dzimwe nguva svetuka izvi. Kana ukashanda munzvimbo dzinotonhora, simbisa kuti dziviriro iyi iripo nguva yechando isati yaparadza mari yako.

Sero kuenzanisa nzira: Passive balancing inobuda ropa rakawandisa kubva kumaseru akakwirira sekupisa. Inoshanda asi inopedza simba uye inongoyeresa panguva yekuchaja. Active balancing inotamisa kuchaja pakati pemaseru, inoshanda panguva yekubuda zvakare, uye inochengetedza chiyero chakasimba pamusoro pehupenyu hwepakiti. Kune zvifambiso zvezvikepe zvine kushandiswa kwakanyanya, kushanda kwekuenzanisa kunowedzera hupenyu hwepakeji hunogona kuoneka.

Tora iyo chaiyo BMS yakatarwa pepa kubva kune wako mutengesi, kwete chete bhatiri spec sheet. Kana vasingakwanise kana kusazvipa, izvo zvinokuudza chimwe chinhu nezve zvavari kuvanza.

Real Numbers paLithium vs Lead-Acid Costs

Musiyano wemutengo wepamberi pakati pelithium nelead{{0}asidhi ndeyechokwadi. A 48V lead-acid setup inoita $800 kusvika $1,500. Lithium yakaenzana inodhura $2,000 kusvika $3,500. Mapoka ekutenga akanangana nemutengo wekutenga ona delta uye uwane lead-asidhi.

Asi mutengo wekutenga hausi iwo waunobhadhara chaizvo pamusoro pehupenyu hwemidziyo.

Lead{{0}mabhatiri easidhi mungoro dzegorofu dzekutengesa anotora makore 3 kusvika ku5 zvichienderana nekuoma kwaanoitwa nemabhasikoro. Zvimwe zvikepe zvinotsiva pamakore matatu nekuti mashandiro anodzikisira zvisingatenderwi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti 2 kusvika ku3 bhatiri kutenga pamusoro pemakore gumi varidzi nguva.

Lithium mapaketi ane kwakaringana DoD manejimendi anogara achipfuura makore gumi. Imwe kutenga.

Lead{{0}asidhi inoda kugadziriswa kwevhiki nevhiki. Kudiridza, kucheneswa kwekupedzisira, kubhadharisa kuenzana. Mufananidzo maminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri pangoro pasvondo kana uchizviita nemazvo. Kwemasvondo makumi mashanu ndiwo maawa gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemanomwe pangoro pagore mukushanda. Pa $15/awa yakazara yakazara, uri kushandisa $180 kusvika ku $250 pagore pangoro chete pakugadzirisa bhatiri.

Lithium haidi chimwe cheizvozvo. Zero kugadzirisa basa.

Wedzera mutsauko wekushandisa simba. Mapaketi eLithium ane kuderera kwemukati uye usatambise simba pakuchaja kusashanda sezvinoita lead-asidhi. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemagetsi ako uye kushandiswa, lithium inochengetedza madhora makumi matatu kusvika kumadhora makumi matanhatu pangoro pagore pamitengo yemagetsi.

Isa pamwe chete kuti ione makore gumi:

Lead{{0}asidhi pangoro imwe neimwe:

• Paki yekutanga: $ 1,200
• Kutsiviwa pagore 4: $1,200
• Kutsiviwa pagore rechinomwe: $1,200
• Basa rekuchengetedza (makore gumi): $2,000
• Charger kutsiva: $300
• Zvose: zvingangoita $5,900

Lithium pangoro:

• Paki yekutanga: $2,800
• Lithium charger: $400
• Kugadzirisa: $0
• Kuchengetedza magetsi: -$400
• Zvose: zvingangoita $2,800

Iyo lithium sarudzo inodhura isingasviki hafu pamusoro penguva yevaridzi. Uye izvi hazvina kukoshesa mabhenefiti ekushanda: hapana pakati{{1}kutadza kutadza kubva mutobvu yakapera-asidhi, hapana mashifiti eMugovera ekugadzirisa, hapana zvirongwa zvekudiridza zvekutevera.

Beach Bums Golf Car Rentals muFlorida vakanyora zvakaitika kwavari kushandura ngoro makumi matanhatu neshanu dzekurojesa kuita lithium muna 2021. Vanga vachitsiva mapakeji elead-makore 1 kusvika ku2 ega ega nekuti rendi inoshandisa mabhatiri akaomarara. Maitiro avo eMugovera ekugadzirisa, ayo akange apedza zuva rakazara revashandi svondo rega rega, akabviswa zvachose. Zvichemo zvemutengi nezvekufa kwezvingoro pakati-kurenda zvaenda ku zero. Bhizinesi rakatovhura mari itsva nekupa-mazuva ese ekurenda anotungamira{10}asidhi yaisakwanisa kutsigira (golfcaradvisor.com).

Fleet Shanduko ROI

Kune makumi maviri-zvikochikari zvikepe zvinoongorora shanduko yelithium kubva kulead-asidhi, heino maitiro anowanzoita masvomhu:

Imwe-kudyara nguva imwe chete:
Lithium packs (20 × $2,800): $56,000
Lithium majaja (gumi mayunitsi × $400): $4,000
Kuisa basa (20 × $200): $4,000
Zvishoma: kukosha kwekununura kwelead-asidhi yemidziyo: -$3,000
Net investment: inenge $61,000

Chengetedzo yegore negore yekushandisa:
Yakabviswa basa rekugadzirisa: $4,000
Kudzivirirwa kutsiva chengetedzo (ingadai yakashandisa ~ $ 8,000 / gore pakugadzirisa zvinotsiva): $8,000
Kuderedza mutengo wesimba: $800
Mari yese yegore negore: inenge $12,800

Payback: pasi pemakore mashanu

Mushure mekubhadhara, zvikepe zvinotora izvo zvakachengetwa kusvika rinhi kusvikira mapeji e-lithium achazoda kutsiviwa, izvo zvisingazoitike mukati memakore gumi kana DoD ikabatwa zvine musoro.

Maverengero aya anochinja zvichienderana nemari yako yebasa, mitengo yemagetsi, uye kuti wakaoma sei kutenderera ngarava yako. -mashandisirwo ekutengeserana epamusoro anoona kubhadharwa nekukurumidza. Yakaderera-kushandiswa kwezvikepe zvepachivande zvinotora nguva yakareba. Asi kune akawanda ekushambadzira maapplication, lithium inoshandura mapenzura kunze kwemari kunyangwe usati waverenga kuvandudza kwekushanda.

Zvekusimbisa Usati Wasaina

Ndakasvirwa nguva dzakakwana kuti ndive nechekilist. Haina kuoma, asi inovhara zvinhu zvinokonzeresa matambudziko.

Chekutanga: simbisa kuti paki ndeyechokwadi imwechete yakabatanidzwa unit ine yakabatana BMS, kwete akawanda madiki mabhatiri akaiswa pamwechete. Bvunza zvakananga. Kana mhinduro isina kujeka, ibvapo.

Chechipiri: tora zvakatemwa zveBMS nekunyora. Kuenderera mberi uye peak discharge ratings. Tembiricha kudzivirira zvikumbaridzo. Cell balancing type. Kana mutengesi asingakwanisi kupa zvinyorwa izvi, kutonga kwavo kwemhando kunofungidzirwa.

Chechitatu: simbisa zvitupa. UL 2271 yemotokari dzemagetsi dzakareruka. UN 38.3 yekuchengetedza zvifambiso. Bvunza zvitupa chaizvo, kwete zvemaclaim. UL inochengetedza dhatabhesi yeruzhinji kwaunogona kuona.

Chechina: nzwisisa mazwi ewaranti. Kuderedzwa kwesimba kunoyerwa sei? Chii chinosanganisira waranti-kumisa kuisa? Wana mhinduro dzakanangana usati wawana kusabatanidzwa mushure mekukundikana.

Chechishanu: kune maodha pamusoro pegumi mayunitsi, sundira kune chirongwa chekutyaira. Ngoro mbiri kana nhatu dzinomhanyisa nzira dzako dze60 kusvika kumazuva makumi mapfumbamwe pamberi pekuzvipira kuzere. Chero mutengesi ane chivimbo muchigadzirwa chavo anogashira izvi. Avo vanoomerera pakuzvipira kukuru pamberi vanogona kunge vaine zvikonzero zvekudzivisa kuenzanisa.

Sarudzo yevoltage inokosha. Chisarudzo chekugona kunokosha. Asi hazvina basa kana ukatenga kubva kumutengesi asingakwanise kutsigira zvavanoda. Kusiyanisa kwemhando muindasitiri iyi kwakakura. Basa remumba raunoita usati watenga rinotarisa kuti kutendeuka kwako kunobudirira here kana kuti kunova chidzidzo chinodhura.

Ini ndinoshandira Polinovel, saka tora maonero angu nemamiriro akakodzera. Asi ndoda kurasikirwa nekutengesa nekuve ndakananga newe pane kuhwina imwe inoshanduka kuita gakava rewaranti mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare. Iwo mapoinzi ehunyanzvi pano anoshanda zvisinei kuti mabhatiri ani aunozotenga.

Zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana

 

36V 105Ah Gorofu Chingoro Lithium Bhatiri

48V 150Ah Gorofu Ngoro Lithium Bhatiri

72V 105Ah Gorofu Ngoro Lithium Bhatiri